Skin Effect of Electromagnetic Flux in Anisotropic Zero‐Index Metamaterials
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS（2024）
Soochow Univ
Abstract
Skin effect in electromagnetism describes the tendency of alternating current to predominantly flow near the surface rather than through the center of a conductor. Here, another skin effect of electromagnetic flux is reported to occur in non-conductive materials, specifically within 3D anisotropic zero-index metamaterials, as well as its potential application in subwavelength wave manipulation. It is found that when a medium of near-zero longitudinal permittivity and permeability is embedded with inclusions whose transverse permittivity and/or permeability approach zero, the electromagnetic flux therein is directed and extremely compressed beneath the surfaces of inclusions within a skin depth less than lambda 0/150. This unusual effect empowers arbitrary control of electromagnetic flux at deep subwavelength scale. Customized subwavelength pathways for electromagnetic flux are demonstrated in full-wave simulations via practical implementations. The study opens a new avenue for extreme confinement and flexible control of electromagnetic flux at deep-subwavelength scale. Skin effect in electromagnetism describes the tendency of alternating current to predominantly flow near the surface rather than through the center of a conductor. This work reports another skin effect of electromagnetic flux, occurring in non-conductive materials, specifically within 3D anisotropic zero-index metamaterials, enabling extreme field localization and manipulation of EM waves in an almost arbitrary way at deep-subwavelength scale. image
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Key words
deep-subwavelength wave control,electromagnetic flux,skin effect,zero-index metamaterials
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