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Implications on Star-Formation-rate Indicators from HII Regions and Diffuse Ionised Gas in the M101 Group

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society(2024)

Univ Hertfordshire

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Abstract
We examine the connection between diffuse ionized gas (DIG), H II regions, and field O and B stars in the nearby spiral M101 and its dwarf companion NGC 5474 using ultra-deep H alpha narrow-band imaging and archival GALEX UV imaging. We find a strong correlation between DIG H alpha surface brightness and the incident ionizing flux leaked from the nearby H II regions, which we reproduce well using simple CLOUDY simulations. While we also find a strong correlation between H alpha and co-spatial far-ultraviolet (FUV) surface brightness in DIG, the extinction-corrected integrated UV colours in these regions imply stellar populations too old to produce the necessary ionizing photon flux. Combined, this suggests that H II region leakage, not field OB stars, is the primary source of DIG in the M101 Group. Corroborating this interpretation, we find systematic disagreement between the H alpha- and FUV-derived star formation rates (SFRs) in the DIG, with SFRH alpha
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Key words
ISM: H ii regions,ISM: clouds,ISM: evolution,galaxies: star formation,ultraviolet: galaxies
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