Protective Effects of Polysaccharide from Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidze (PAMK) As a Feed Additive on Growth Performance, Immunity, Antioxidant Capacity, and Disease Resistance Against Aeromonas Salmonicida in Rainbow Trout (oncorhynchus Mykiss)
Aquaculture International（2024）
Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the effects of polysaccharide from Atractylodes macrocephala koidze (PAMK) on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune response, and resistance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to Aeromonas salmonicida infection. Fish (average weight 58.40 ± 1.10 g) were fed four concentrations (0, 400, 800, and 1600 mg/kg diet) of PAMK in 4 treatments with 3 replicates for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, the fish were infected with A. salmonicida for 7 days. Results revealed that fish fed diets supplemented with 800 mg/kg PAMK exhibited enhancing growth performance and feed utilization compared to those in the other groups (p < 0.05), whereas differences were not found in body composition among the groups (p > 0.05). The serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), lysozyme (LZM), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB) contents were significantly greater in the 800 mg/kg PAMK group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Before and after infection, dietary PAMK upregulated the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β, IL-4/13A and IL-10), complement components (C3 and C4) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) but downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6); these parameters significantly changed in the 800 mg/kg PAMK group (p < 0.05). The highest survival rate was observed in the 800 mg/kg PAMK group. These results collectively suggest that 800 mg/kg PAMK can be used to enhance the growth performance, antioxidant activity, immune response, and disease resistance of rainbow trout.
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Key words
Polysaccharide from Atractylodes macrocephala koidze (PAMK),Antioxidant capacity,Immune response,Oncorhynchus mykiss
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