An Intelligent Instantaneous Selective Method, Through Compacted ZnO Nanoparticle Pellets, Based on the Concept of a Virtual Electronic Nose, for Different Volatile Organic Compounds

This paper exercises a novel procedure with virtual e-nose (VEN) systems using a single compacted nanoparticle ZnO chemical sensor. The pellets are formed by a nano-powders synthesized via a simple sol–gel method. Furthermore, in this paper task we show the transient differences in the dynamic response curves for ZnO pellet when exposed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) namely ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, acetone and toluene. VOCs are categorized using the transient response of a single sensor at four different operating temperatures, offering diverse features that came from the reaction mechanism of the target molecule. The relevant attributes of responses were run through Ascending Hierarchical Classification integrated with Principal Component Analysis. Three clusters classified for three specific features subsets were distinguished. A new mathematical iteration of this hybrid process was performed and leads to good HAC output stability. The result is delivered automatically with three-digit sorts in a specified order after thorough implementation.