Association of Adipocyte Size and SREBP-1c in Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Endocrine（2023）
Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital
Abstract
ObjectiveNon-obese type 2 diabetes seems to be common in India; hence the current study tried to understand the pathogenesis of diabetes in this group focusing on the role of adipocytes especially abdominal fat compartment. Comparison was made between non-obese subjects with newly detected diabetes and those without diabetes, in relation to levels of adipogenic factor and adipokines in pre-adipocytes and mature adipocytes respectively.Research design methodsNon-obese subjects (BMI-18-25 Kg/m2) were consecutively selected of whom 15 had newly-detected, treatment naive type 2 diabetes (HbA1% >= 6.5) while 25 were control (HbA1c% <= 5.6). We examined the expression of adipocyte differentiation factor - SREBP-1c from preadipocytes and adipocyte specific adipokines- HMW isoform and total adiponectin, leptin, FABP-4, TNF-alpha and IL-6 from adipocytesisolated from abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues (VAT and SCAT) by RT-PCR and as well as from serum by ELISA. Size of cultured adipocytes was measured in a fully automated imaging system microscope.ResultBoth in SCAT and VAT, SREBP-1c and adiponectin had significantly lower expression along with increased mRNA level of inflammatory adipokinesdiabetes.Average adipocyte size and frequency of large(hypertrophied) adipocytes were comparatively higher in T2DM subjects and had significant negative correlation with SREBP-1c. HMW adiponectin level significantly reduced in the secretion from VAT and SCAT of T2DM subjects compared to control.ConclusionReduced expression of SREBP-1c in preadipocytes may lead to increased number of hypertrophied adipocytes in T2DM. Therefore, these dysfunctional hypertrophied adipocytes could cause imbalanced expression of insulin resistant and insulin sensitive adipokines.
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Key words
Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1c (SREBP-1c),Preadipocytes,Adipocyte Size,Non-Obese type 2 diabetes,Adiponectin,High molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin
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