A Combined Mechanism (the Open Pores-Cake Dissolution) Model for Describing the Trans-Membrane Pressure (p(t)) Reduction in the Backwash Process at a Constant Flow Rate
Journal of environmental chemical engineering(2021)
Beijing Univ Technol
Abstract
Accurate prediction of the trans-membrane pressure (P-b(t)) reduction in the backwash process at a constant flow rate has a great significance for the industrial backwash process. In this paper, a combined mechanism (the open pores-cake dissolution) model was established to predict the variation of P-b(t) in the backwash process at a constant flow rate for 0.1 mu m polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane fouled with activated sludge suspension. Meanwhile, the proposed model was validated by using other foulants (yeast, bovine serum albumin and sodium alginate), membranes (0.1 mu m polyethersulfone (PES) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes) and at different fouling conditions (filtrate flow rate, mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) concentration and cross-flow velocity). The results showed that the model predictions were in good agreements with experimental data (R-2 >0.986, relative error (sigma) over bar <3.28%). Moreover, according to the variation of P-b(t), the backwash process can be divided into three stages: (i) P-b(t) decreased rapidly (the open pores-cake dissolution) before t(i) (the first transit i on point); (ii) P-b(t) decreased slowly (cake dissolution) in the range of t(i) to t(j) (the second transition point); (iii) P-b(t) is almost constant (without the open pores and cake dissolution) after t(j). Thus, the proposed model would provide a theoretical basis for achieving the goal of high-efficient and energy-saving in the backwash process at a constant flow rate.
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Key words
Backwash mechanism,Model,Trans-membrane pressure,Effective membrane area ratio,Constant flow rate process
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