乳腺癌患者化疗期间症状群特征及预测指标的研究
Chinese Journal of Nursing（2020）
Abstract
目的 探讨乳腺癌患者化疗期间症状群内部特征,并分析高症状特征患者的风险指标.方法 采用横断面研究,于2016年1月-2017年1月选取上海市某三级甲等医院228例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,收集乳腺癌患者化疗期间疲乏、焦虑、抑郁、睡眠障碍相关自我报告症状,基于潜类别模型探讨该症状群的潜在类别,并探索不同类别间的区分指标.结果 乳腺癌患者化疗期疲乏-焦虑-抑郁-睡眠障碍症状群表现为3种不同的类别,分别命名为“高症状组”“高心理症状组”和“低症状组”,占比依次为25.0％、19.7％、55.3％.相比于“低症状组”,前两组生活质量得分较低,差异有统计学意义(F=55.499,P＜0.001).锻炼自我效能是区分和预测“高症状组”的独立指标(OR=0.949,P=0.019);“高心理症状组”预测指标分别是中间型性格特点(OR=6.189,P=0.007)、未接受过乳腺癌切除术(OR =4.718,P=0.020)及较低的锻炼自我效能(OR=0.926,P=-0.002).结论 乳腺癌患者化疗期间症状群存在明显不同的分类特征,“高症状组”的生活质量较低,锻炼自我效能是其重要预测因子.后续对于乳腺癌患者的症状管理应根据不同患者的症状特征,给予针对性的干预.
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