湘东地区双季稻施用有机肥对土壤镉活性及稻米镉含量的影响
Chinese Journal of Soil Science（2020）
Abstract
施有机肥对水稻-土壤体系中镉(Cd)含量及其生物有效性的影响仍不明确.研究选取湘东(长沙、株洲)2个高产双季稻生产样区为研究对象,通过大田监测施商品有机肥后,双季稻植株Cd含量和土壤Cd、pH的季节动态变化以及双季稻产量变化,探究施用有机肥对双季稻生态系统Cd含量的影响及其调控因素.结果 表明,当年施有机肥分别降低早、晚稻糙米Cd含量25.9％～41.1％、28.7％～55.9％,稻草和稻根Cd含量也分别下降14.1％ ～ 71.8％和24.0％～43.8％.双季稻植株体内Cd含量的下降可能主要与水稻生育期土壤有效态Cd含量的下降有关.土壤有效态Cd含量以分蘖盛期(13.0％)和孕穗期(12.4％)的降幅最大.土壤有效态Cd含量与土壤pH之间无明显相关性,施有机肥提升株洲点水稻土pH值0.2 ～ 0.4个单位,但降低长沙点水稻土pH值0.1 ～ 0.4个单位.此外,施有机肥还分别提高早、晚稻产量3.8％～7.1％和5.7％～10.3％,具有实现高产双季稻田稻米降Cd、稻谷增产的效果.
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