RNA/DNA sensing pathways are dysregulated in a number of autoimmune disorders,including lupus. Our research focuses on the role of TRIM E3 ligases in lupus, such as TRIM21, an estrogen-regulated protein which contributes to dysregulated cytokine production in SLE. Combining knowledge regarding expression patterns and activity of TRIMs in lupus and with information on cytokine, gene and microRNA expression will provide insights into lupus-specific biomarkers and targets for future development.